托福考试模拟试题（托福阅读模拟试题美国总统制度）

本文目录

• 托福阅读模拟试题美国总统制度
• 2013年4月托福考试辅导：toefl阅读模拟试题第一套（3）
• 本人刚准备托福，求托福复习资料
• 请问如何利用托福模拟试题备考
• 新托福口语经典试题（一）
• 托福阅读真题练习100篇：10（原文+题目+答案）
• 新东方《托福考试备考策略与模拟试题》的难度
• 托福阅读真题练习100篇：06（原文+题目+答案）

托福阅读模拟试题美国总统制度

***隐藏网址***这篇托福阅读模拟试题的主要内容是美国总统制度的发展，该话题也是热门话题，很值得大家去了解。美国现在总统制度的发展经历了一个从无到有的时期，也经历了很坎坷和漫长的时期。The development of the modern presidency in the United States began with Andrew Jackson who swept to power in 1829 at the head of the Democratic Party and served until 1837. During his administration, he immeasurably enlarged the power of the presidency. "The President is the direct representative of the American people," he lectured the Senate when it opposed him. "He was elected by the people, and is responsible to them." With this declaration, Jackson redefined the character of the presidential office and its relationship to the people.During Jackson’s second term, his opponents had gradually come together to form the Whig party. Whigs and Democrats held different attitudes toward the changes brought about by the market, banks, and commerce. The Democrats tended to view society as a continuing conflict between "the people”-farmers, planters, and workers-and a set of greedy aristocrats. This "paper money aristocracy" of bankers and investors manipulated the banking system for their own profit, Democrats claimed, and sapped the nation’s virtue by encouraging speculation and the desire for sudden, unearned wealth. The Democrats wanted the rewards of the market without sacrificing the features of a simple agrarian republic. They wanted the wealth that the market offered without the competitive, changing society; the complex dealing; the dominance of urban centers; and the loss of independence that came with it.Whigs, on the other hand, were more comfortable with the market. For them, commerce and economic development were agents of civilization. Nor did the Whigs envision any conflict in society between farmers and workers on the one hand and businesspeople and bankers on the other. Economic growth would benefit everyone by raising national income and expanding opportunity. The government’s responsibility was to provide a well-regulated economy that guaranteed opportunity for citizens of ability.Whigs and Democrats differed not only in their attitudes toward the market but also about how active the central government should be in people’s lives. Despite Andrew Jackson’s inclination to be a strong President, Democrats as a rule believed in limited government. Government’s role in the economy was to promote competition by destroying monopolies’ and special privileges. In keeping with this philosophy of limited government, Democrats also rejected the idea that moral beliefs were the proper sphere of government action. Religion and politics, they believed, should be kept clearly separate, and they generally opposed humanitarian legislation.The Whigs, in contrast, viewed government power positively. They believed that it should be used to protect individual rights and public liberty, and that it had a special role where individual effort was ineffective. By regulating the economy and competition, the government could ensure equal opportunity. Indeed, for Whigs the concept of government promoting the general welfare went beyond the economy. In particular, Whigs in the northern sections of the United States also believed that government power should be used to foster the moral welfare of the country. They were much more likely to favor social-reform legislation and aid to education.In some ways the social makeup of the two parties was similar. To be competitive in winning votes, Whigs and Democrats both had to have significant support among farmers, the largest group in society, and workers. Neither party could win an election by appealing exclusively to the rich or the poor. The Whigs, however, enjoyed disproportionate strength among the business and commercial classes. Whigs appealed to planters who needed credit to finance their cotton and rice trade in the world market, to farmers who were eager to sell their surpluses, and to workers who wished to improve themselves. Democrats attracted farmers isolated from the market or uncomfortable with it, workers alienated from the emerging industrial system, and rising entrepreneurs who wanted to break monopolies and open the economy to newcomers like themselves. The Whigs were strongest in the towns, cities, and those rural areas that were fully integrated into the market economy, whereas Democrats dominated areas of semisubsistence farming that were more isolated and languishing economically.Paragraph 1: The development of the modern presidency in the United States began with Andrew Jackson who swept to power in 1829 at the head of the Democratic Party and served until 1837. During his administration, he immeasurably enlarged the power of the presidency. "The President is the direct representative of the American people," he lectured the Senate when it opposed him. "He was elected by the people, and is responsible to them." With this declaration, Jackson redefined the character of the presidential office and its relationship to the people.1. The word immeasurably in the passage is closest in meaning to○Frequently ○Greatly ○Rapidly ○Reportedly2. According to paragraph 1, the presidency of Andrew Jackson was especially significant for which of the following reasons?○The President granted a portion of his power to the Senate.○The President began to address the Senate on a regular basis.○It was the beginning of the modern presidency in the United States.○It was the first time that the Senate had been known to oppose the President.Paragraph 2: During Jackson’s second term, his opponents had gradually come together to form the Whig party. Whigs and Democrats held different attitudes toward the changes brought about by the market, banks, and commerce. The Democrats tended to view society as a continuing conflict between "the people”-farmers, planters, and workers-and a set of greedy aristocrats. This "paper money aristocracy" of bankers and investors manipulated the banking system for their own profit, Democrats claimed, and sapped the nation’s virtue by encouraging speculation and the desire for sudden, unearned wealth. The Democrats wanted the rewards of the market without sacrificing the features of a simple agrarian republic. They wanted the wealth that the market offered without the competitive, changing society; the complex dealing; the dominance of urban centers; and the loss of independence that came with it.3. The author mentions bankers and investors in the passage as an example of which of the following?○The Democratic Party’s main source of support○The people that Democrats claimed were unfairly becoming rich○The people most interested in a return to a simple agrarian republic○One of the groups in favor of Andrew Jackson’s presidencyParagraph 3: Whigs, on the other hand, were more comfortable with the market. For them, commerce and economic development were agents of civilization. Nor did the Whigs envision any conflict in society between farmers and workers on the one hand and businesspeople and bankers on the other. Economic growth would benefit everyone by raising national income and expanding opportunity. The government’s responsibility was to provide a well-regulated economy that guaranteed opportunity for citizens of ability.4. According to paragraph 3, Whigs believed that commerce and economic development would have which of the following effects on society?○They would promote the advancement of society as a whole.○They would cause disagreements between Whigs and Democrats○They would supply new positions for Whig Party members.○They would prevent conflict between farmers and workers.5. According to paragraph 3, which of the following describes the Whig Party’s view of the role of government?○To regulate the continuing conflict between farmers and businesspeople○To restrict the changes brought about by the market○To maintain an economy that allowed all capable citizens to benefit○To reduce the emphasis on economic developmentParagraph 4: Whigs and Democrats differed not only in their attitudes toward the market but also about how active the central government should be in people’s lives. Despite Andrew Jackson’s inclination to be a strong President, Democrats as a rule believed in limited government. Government’s role in the economy was to promote competition by destroying monopolies’ and special privileges. In keeping with this philosophy of limited government, Democrats also rejected the idea that moral beliefs were the proper sphere of government action. Religion and politics, they believed, should be kept clearly separate, and they generally opposed humanitarian legislation.6. The word inclination in the passage is closest in meaning to○Argument ○Tendency ○Example ○Warning7. According to paragraph 4, a Democrat would be most likely to support government action in which of the following areas?○Creating a state religion ○Supporting humanitarian legislation ○Destroying monopolies ○Recommending particular moral beliefsParagraph 5: The Whigs, in contrast, viewed government power positively. They believed that it should be used to protect individual rights and public liberty, and that it had a special role where individual effort was ineffective. By regulating the economy and competition, the government could ensure equal opportunity. Indeed, for Whigs the concept of government promoting the general welfare went beyond the economy. In particular, Whigs in the northern sections of the United States also believed that government power should be used to foster the moral welfare of the country. They were much more likely to favor social-reform legislation and aid to education.8. The word concept in the passage is closest in meaning to○Power ○Reality ○Difficulty ○Idea9. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 5 about variations in political beliefs within the Whig Party?○They were focused on issues of public liberty.○They caused some members to leave the Whig party.○They were unimportant to most Whigs.○They reflected regional interests.Paragraph 6: In some ways the social makeup of the two parties was similar. To be competitive in winning votes, Whigs and Democrats both had to have significant support among farmers, the largest group in society, and workers. Neither party could win an election by appealing exclusively to the rich or the poor. The Whigs, however, enjoyed disproportionate strength among the business and commercial classes. Whigs appealed to planters who needed credit to finance their cotton and rice trade in the world market, to farmers who were eager to sell their surpluses, and to workers who wished to improve themselves. Democrats attracted farmers isolated from the market or uncomfortable with it, workers alienated from the emerging industrial system, and rising entrepreneurs who wanted to break monopolies and open the economy to newcomers like themselves. The Whigs were strongest in the towns, cities, and those rural areas that were fully integrated into the market economy, whereas Democrats dominated areas of semisubsistence farming that were more isolated and languishing economically.10. According to paragraph 6, the Democrats were supported by all of the following groups EXCEPT○workers unhappy with the new industrial system○planters involved in international trade○rising entrepreneurs○individuals seeking to open the economy to newcomers11. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.○Whigs were able to attract support only in the wealthiest parts of the economy because Democrats dominated in other areas.○Whig and Democratic areas of influence were naturally split between urban and rural areas, respectively.○The semisubsistence farming areas dominated by Democrats became increasingly isolated by the Whigs’ control of the market economy.○The Democrats’ power was greatest in poorer areas while the Whigs were strongest in those areas where the market was already fully operating.Paragraph 2: During Jackson’s second term, his opponents had gradually come together to form the Whig party. █Whigs and Democrats held different attitudes toward the changes brought about by the market, banks, and commerce. █The Democrats tended to view society as a continuing conflict between "the people”-farmers, planters, and workers-and a set of greedy aristocrats. █This "paper money aristocracy" of bankers and investors manipulated the banking system for their own profit, Democrats claimed, and sapped the nation’s virtue by encouraging speculation and the desire for sudden, unearned wealth. █The Democrats wanted the rewards of the market without sacrificing the features of a simple agrarian republic. They wanted the wealth that the market offered without the competitive, changing society; the complex dealing; the dominance of urban centers; and the loss of independence that came with it.12. Look at the four squares II that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.This new party argued against the policies of Jackson and his party in a number of important areas, beginning with the economy.Where would the sentence best fit?13. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.The political system of the United States in the mid-nineteenth century was strongly influenced by the social and economic circumstances of the time.Answer Choices1. The Democratic and Whig Parties developed in response to the needs of competing economic and political constituencies.2. During Andrew Jackson’s two terms as President, he served as leader of both the Democratic and Whig Parties.3. The Democratic Party primarily represented the interests of the market, banks, and commerce.4. In contrast to the Democrats, the Whigs favored government aid for education.5. A fundamental difference between Whigs and Democrats involved the importance of the market in society.6. The role of government in the lives of the people was an important political distinction between the two parties.***隐藏网址***

2013年4月托福考试辅导：toefl阅读模拟试题第一套（3）

Sumer and the First Cities of the Ancient Near East

PARAGRAPH 1

The earliest of the city states of the ancient Near East appeared at the southern end of the Mesopotamian plain, the area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is now Iraq. It was here that the civilization known as Sumer emerged in its earliest form in the fifth millennium. At first sight, the plain did not appear to be a likely home for a civilization. There were few natural resources, no timber, stone, or metals. Rainfall was limited, and what water there was rushed across the plain in the annual flood of melted snow. As the plain fell only 20 meters in 500 kilometers, the beds of the rivers shifted constantly. It was this that made the organization of irrigation, particularly the building of canals to channel and preserve the water, essential. Once this was done and the silt carried down by the rivers was planted, the rewards were rich: four to five times what rain-fed earth would produce. It was these conditions that allowed an elite to emerge, probably as an organizing class, and to sustain itself through the control of surplus crops.

PARAGRAPH 2

It is difficult to isolate the factors that led to the next development—the emergence of urban settlements. The earliest, that of Eridu, about 4500 B.C.E., and Uruk, a thousand years later, center on impressive temple complexes built of mud brick. In some way, the elite had associated themselves with the power of the gods. Uruk, for instance, had two patron gods—Anu, the god of the sky and sovereign of all other gods, and inanna, a goddess of love and war—and there were others, patrons of different cities. Human beings were at their mercy. The biblical story of the Flood may originate in Sumer. In the earliest version, the gods destroy the human race because its clamor had been so disturbing to them.

PARAGRAPH 3

It used to be believed that before 3000 B.C.E. the political and economic life of the cities was centered on their temples, but it now seems probable that the cities had secular rulers from earliest times. Within the city lived administrators, craftspeople, and merchants. (Trading was important, as so many raw materials, the semiprecious stones for the decoration of the temples, timbers for roofs, and all metals, had to be imported.) An increasingly sophisticated system of administration led in about 3300 B.C.E. to the appearance of writing. The earliest script was based on logograms, with a symbol being used to express a whole word. The logograms were incised on damp clay tablets with a stylus with a wedge shape at its end. (The Romans called the shape cuneus and this gives the script its name of cuneiform.) Two thousand logograms have been recorded from these early centuries of writing. A more economical approach was to use a sign to express not a whole word but a single syllable. (To take an example: the Sumerian word for" head" was "sag." Whenever a word including a syllable in which the sound "sag" was to be written, the sign for "sag" could be used to express that syllable with the remaining syllables of the word expressed by other signs.) By 2300 B.C.E. the number of signs required had been reduced to 600, and the range of words that could be expressed had widened. Texts dealing with economic matters predominated, as they always had done; but at this point works of theology, g literature, history, and law also appeared.

PARAGRAPH 4

Other innovations of the late fourth millennium include the wheel, probably developed first as a more efficient way of making pottery and then transferred to transport. A tablet engraved about 3000 B.C.E. provides the earliest known example from Sumer, a roofed boxlike sledge mounted on four solid wheels. A major development was the discovery, again about 3000 B.C.E., that if copper, which had been known in Mesopotamia since about 3500 B.C.E., was mixed with tin, a much harder metal, bronze, would result. Although copper and stone tools continued to be used, bronze was far more successful in creating sharp edges that could be used as anything from saws and scythes to weapons. The period from 3000 to 1000 B.C.E., when the use of bronze became I widespread, is normally referred to as the Bronze Age.

PARAGRAPH 1 The earliest of the city states of the ancient Near East appeared at the southern end of the Mesopotamian plain, the area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is now Iraq. It was here that the civilization known as Sumer emerged in its earliest form in the fifth millennium. At first sight, the plain did not appear to be a likely home for a civilization. There were few natural resources, no timber, stone, or metals. Rainfall was limited, and what water there was rushed across the plain in the annual flood of melted snow. As the plain fell only 20 meters in 500 kilometers, the beds of the rivers shifted constantly. It was this that made the organization of irrigation, particularly the building of canals to channel and preserve the water, essential. Once this was done and the silt carried down by the rivers was planted, the rewards were rich: four to five times what rain-fed earth would produce. It was these conditions that allowed an elite to emerge, probably as an organizing class, and to sustain itself through the control of surplus crops.

PARAGRAPH 1

The earliest of the city states of the ancient Near East appeared at the southern end of the Mesopotamian plain, the area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is now Iraq. It was here that the civilization known as Sumer emerged in its earliest form in the fifth millennium. At first sight, the plain did not appear to be a likely home for a civilization. There were few natural resources, no timber, stone, or metals. Rainfall was limited, and what water there was rushed across the plain in the annual flood of melted snow. As the plain fell only 20 meters in 500 kilometers, the beds of the rivers shifted constantly. It was this that made the organization of irrigation, particularly the building of canals to channel and preserve the water, essential. Once this was done and the silt carried down by the rivers was planted, the rewards were rich: four to five times what rain-fed earth would produce. It was these conditions that allowed an elite to emerge, probably as an organizing class, and to sustain itself through the control of surplus crops.

1、Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as a disadvantage of the Mesopotamian plain?

There was not very much rainfall for most of the year.

Melting snow caused flooding every year.

The silt deposited by rivers damaged crops.

Timber, stone and metals were not readily available.   

2、According to paragraph 1, which of the following made it possible for an elite to emerge?

New crops were developed that were better suited to conditions on the Mesopotamian plain.

The richest individuals managed to gain control of the most valuable cropland.

Control over the few available natural resources made some people four to five times richer than everyone else.

The building of canals to increase agricultural output required organization.     

3、The word "sustain" in the passage is closest in meaning to

defend

promote

maintain

transform  

本人刚准备托福，求托福复习资料

同学你好，先推荐你一些参考资料。主要参考资料，《官方指南》（OG）是每个参加托福考试的考生必备的。复习时要做的第一件事就是认真把OG看一遍，这样才能全面了解整个考试，掌握新托福出题和评分思路。《新托福考试备考策略与模拟试题》（即DELTA）对于多数考生应该都适用。市面上类似的书很多，这一本相对较好，认真地把它过一遍对于考试很有帮助。而后面的4套模拟题，则比真实考试要来得简单，可以下载BARRON模拟考试软件，里面有七套题，其中听力和阅读较有训练价值。还有复习托福时最重要一定要必备的，tpo，现在有20多套，一定要好好利用，这是官方的模考题，最真实，最有价值。阅读和听力我推荐《高分新托福阅读120》和《高分新托福听力120》，尤其对于阅读和听力底子稍好的同学。口语是中国考生弱项，一般都需要单独的训练。翟少成老师的《新托福考试口语胜经》是同类书籍中最好的。对于需要在写作上单独下功夫的考生，许轶老师的《挑战TOEFL .iBT满分作文》是一个不错的选择。另外给你的邮箱里也发了一些资料，注意查收。希望可以帮到你。

请问如何利用托福模拟试题备考

***隐藏网址***如何利用托福模拟试题备考备考托福考试，模拟试题是非常重要的一部分。在考前通过做模拟试题，不仅可以检验自己的水平，还可以帮助自己熟悉考试形式。以下从几个角度来分析如何利用托福模拟试题备考。1. 认识托福考试题型和评分标准在备考托福考试之前，最好先了解托福考试的题型和评分标准。托福考试共分为听力、阅读、口语和写作四部分，每部分均有不同的题型。此外，托福考试是由机器评分，评分标准非常严格，所以考生在备考模拟试题时，要注重练习试题的答题技巧和优秀的表达能力。2. 根据自己的实际情况选择模拟试题备考时要根据自己的实际情况选择合适的模拟试题。对于托福考试来说，要注意选择正规的模拟试题，因为这些试题更接近于真实的考试。如果考生的口语水平较低，可以从 Part 1 （个人经历）和 Part 2 （文件演讲）部分的题目做起，逐渐提高自己的对话技巧和表达能力。3. 在做题的过程中注重细节在做托福模拟试题时，要注重细节。比如，熟悉试题的题型和题目类型，以及答题思路。同时，还要注重练习答题速度。因为托福考试时间非常紧张，考生必须在有限的时间内完成考试。4. 分析自己做模拟试题的情况在做模拟试题时，要分析自己的答题情况，找出自己的薄弱点和不足之处，改进自己的答题技巧和优秀表达能力。同时还可以通过模拟试题来提高语言水平，积累丰富的词汇和语法知识，提升自己的听说读写能力。5. 做完模拟试题后及时总结在做完模拟试题后，我们应该及时总结自己的错误和不足，找出自己的问题所在，及时纠正。同时，我们还可以根据做题的情况来制定学习计划，进一步提高自己的学习效率。总结通过托福模拟试题的练习，不仅可以检验自己的水平，还可以逐渐提高自己的考试能力。希望考生能够根据实际情况来选择合适的试题，并在备考过程中注重细节和分析，有针对性的改进自己的学习方法和答题技巧，最终取得优秀的成绩。***隐藏网址***

新托福口语经典试题（一）

***隐藏网址******隐藏网址***　　1. 说出你认为对你最有用的一本书，并解释原因。(Q1：物)　　2. 电视对于现代社会有正面作用还是负面作用，选择其中之一并解释原因。(Q2：优缺点)　　3. Describe the most important decision that you made in your life.(Q1：事)　　4. Do you think the high school should teach music and art as other basic science?(Q2：观点)　　5. 空闲时间用来做什么? (Q1：事，假设)　　6. 打手机该不该在一些地方禁止?(Q2：观点)　　7. 描述一件自己印象深刻的celebration或者moment。(Q1：事，经历)　　8. Which one acts more influence on you newspaper, TV or teachers? (Q2：偏好)　　9. Describe a social or politics celebration events in your culture.(Q1：事)　　10.政府是否应该资助建博物馆和剧院。说出你的观点和理由。(Q2：观点)　　11.说出你所居住的城市中你最喜欢的地方，给出原因。(Q1：物)　　12.你和朋友在一起的时候喜欢去哪个地方?为什么?(Q1：物)　　13.你是喜欢自己在家里吃还是去外面餐馆吃?为什么?(Q2：偏好)　　14.你通常喜欢去什么park或者public area。(Q1：物)　　15.喜欢到大城市读书还是小城市读书。(Q2：偏好)　　16.杂志,小说,诗歌,喜欢哪个(Q2：偏好)　　17.喜欢一个人住还是和室友住(Q2：偏好)　　18.和朋友在一起，喜欢在restaurant，café还是在家(Q2：偏好)　　19.Computer have improved our lives while others think computers have caused problems(Q2：优缺点)　　20.老师的character(Q1：人)***隐藏网址***

托福阅读真题练习100篇：10（原文+题目+答案）

***隐藏网址***托福阅读在备考的过程中，大家可以多找一些真题来进行练习。下面为大家整理了托福阅读真题练习100篇：10（原文+题目+答案），供大家参考。原文：​Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question What will I do after graduation? A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to What will I do after graduation that will lead to successful career?题目： 1. What does the passage mainly discuss?　　(A) A tool to assist in making complex decisions.　　(B) A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions　　(C) Research on how people make decisions　　(D) Differences between long-range and short-range decision making　　2. The word essential in line 7 is closest in meaning to (A) introductory　　(B) changeable　　(C) beneficial　　(D) fundamental　　3. The word pertinent in line 9 is closest in meaning to　　(A) relevant　　(B) preceding　　(C) insightful　　(D) responsive　　4. Of the following steps, which occurs before the others in making a decision worksheet?　　(A) Listing the consequences of each solution　　(B) Calculating a numerical summary of each solution　　(C) Deciding which consequences are most important　　(D) Writing down all possible solutions　　5. According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that　　(A) has the fewest variables to consider　　(B) uses the most decision worksheets　　(C) has the most points assigned to it　　(D) is agreed to by the greatest number of people　　6. The author develops the discussion in paragraph 1 by means of　　(A) describing a process　　(B) classifying types of worksheets　　(C) providing historical background　　(D) explaining a theory　　7. The author states that On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once (lines 17-18) to explain that　　(A) most decisions involve seven steps　　(B) human mental capacity has limitations　　(C) some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions　　(D) people can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice　　8. The word succinct in line 24 is closest in meaning to　　(A) creative　　(B) satisfactory　　(C) personal　　(D) concise　　9. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?　　(A) Proponents (line 5)　　(B) Optimal (line 5)　　(C) Variables (line 17)　　(D) Long-range goals (line 25)　　10. The word it in line 24 refers to　　(A) worksheet　　(B) problem　　(C) distinction　　(D) decision　　11. The word revise in line 26 is closest in meaning to　　(A) ask　　(B) explain　　(C) change　　(D) predict答案：ADADC ABDBB C以上就是为大家整理的｜托福阅读真题练习100篇：10（原文+题目+答案）｜的练习，希望大家通过以上的内容根据情况，适当结合上下文，通过排除和推断选择正确的答案，同时不断补充积累更多相关词汇与语法。最后，预祝大家托福考试顺利！！更多精彩内容请关注托福频道!***隐藏网址***

新东方《托福考试备考策略与模拟试题》的难度

个人觉的delta（也就是《托福考试备考策略与模拟试题》）用来练听力比较好，尤其是练笔记。文章基本上是1分多钟，相比TPO的要更好练，也更节省时间提高效率。。。。难度比真题要简单一点。。。实际上有太大差别。。。本人刚上完XDF的toefl冲80班。。。老师就是这么让我们练得。。效果挺明显的。。。。

托福阅读真题练习100篇：06（原文+题目+答案）

***隐藏网址***原文：​Potash (the old name for potassium carbonate) is one of the two alkalis (the other being soda,sodium carbonate) that were used from remote antiquity in the making of glass, and from theearly Middle Ages in the making of soap: the former being the product of heating a mixture ofalkali and sand, the latter a product of alkali and vegetable oil. Their importance in thecommunities of colonial North America need hardly be stressed.Potash and soda are not interchangeable for all purposes, but for glass- or soap-making eitherwould do. Soda was obtained largely from the ashes of certain Mediterranean sea plants, potashfrom those of inland vegetation. Hence potash was more familiar to the early European settlersof the North American continent.The settlement at Jamestown in Virginia was in many ways a microcosm of the economy ofcolonial North America, and potash was one of its first concerns. It was required for theglassworks, the first factory in the British colonies, and was produced in sufficient quantity topermit the inclusion of potash in the first cargo shipped out of Jamestown. The second ship toarrive in the settlement from England included among its passengers experts in potash making.The method of making potash was simple enough. Logs was piled up and burned in the open,and the ashes collected. The ashes were placed in a barrel with holes in the bottom, and waterwas poured over them. The solution draining from the barrel was boiled down in iron kettles. Theresulting mass was further heated to fuse the mass into what was called potash.In North America, potash making quickly became an adjunct to the clearing of land foragriculture, for it was estimated that as much as half the cost of clearing land could be recoveredby the sale of potash. Some potash was exported from Maine and New Hampshire in theseventeenth century, but the market turned out to be mainly domestic, consisting mostly ofshipments from the northern to the southern colonies. For despite the beginning of the trade atJamestown and such encouragements as a series of acts to encourage the making of potash,beginning in 1707 in South Carolina, the softwoods in the South proved to be poor sources of thesubstance.题目： 1. What aspect of potash does the passage mainly discuss?　　(A) How it was made　　(B) Its value as a product for export　　(C) How it differs from other alkalis　　(D) Its importance in colonial North America　　2. All of the following statements are true of both potash and soda EXPECT:　　(A) They are alkalis.　　(B) They are made from sea plants.　　(C) They are used in making soap.　　(D) They are used in making glass.　　3. They phrase the latter in line 4 refers to　　(A) alkali　　(B) glass　　(C) sand　　(D) soap　　4. The word stressed in line 6 is closest in meaning to (A) defined　　(B) emphasized　　(C) adjusted　　(D) mentioned　　5. The word interchangeable in line 7 is closest in meaning to　　(A) convenient　　(B) identifiable　　(C) equivalent　　(D) advantageous　　6. It can be inferred from the passage that potash was more common than soda in colonial North　　America because　　(A) the materials needed for making soda were not readily available　　(B) making potash required less time than making soda　　(C) potash was better than soda for making glass and soap　　(D) the colonial glassworks found soda more difficult to use　　7. According to paragraph 4, all of the following were needed for making potash EXCEPT　　(A) wood***隐藏网址***　　(B) fire　　(C) sand　　(D) water　　8. The word adjunct in line 22 is closest in meaning to　　(A) addition　　(B) answer　　(C) problem　　(D) possibility　　9. According to the passage , a major benefit of making potash was that　　(A) it could be exported to Europe in exchange for other goods　　(B) it helped finance the creation of farms　　(C) it could be made with a variety of materials　　(D) stimulated the development of new ways of glassmaking　　10. According to paragraph 5, the softwoods in the South posed which of the following problems　　for southern settles?　　(A) The softwoods were not very plentiful.　　(B) The softwoods could not be used to build houses.　　(C) The softwoods were not very marketable.　　(D) The softwoods were not very useful for making potash.答案：DBDBC ACABD以上就是为大家整理的｜托福阅读真题练习100篇：06（原文+题目+答案）｜的练习，希望大家通过以上的内容根据情况，适当结合上下文，通过排除和推断选择正确的答案，同时不断补充积累更多相关词汇与语法。最后，预祝大家托福考试顺利！！更多精彩内容请关注托福频道!***隐藏网址***